Author : Supat Attathom

Summary : The gene is the unit of genetic information of all living cells. Under normal conditions, there is always a flow of genetic information from DNA and RNA and protein. The disruption of genetic information will undoubtedly affect genetic properties of the organisms. The genetic make up of living organisms can be naturally modified by crossing among related species or by mutation. Modern biotechnology offers the opportunity to genetically modify any living cells with greater precision and specific function. The flow of genetic information can be partially reduced by and antisense technology. At the same time, a novel gene can be added to a living cell by genetic transformation. The expression and function of transgenes can be regulated, thus making the transgenic organism more attractive to serve the human needs. Genetically engineered crops are being developed for agricultura, pharmaceutical and environmental uses. However, there is a limitation to genetic transformation due to the availability of the useful gene and the capacity of host cells to take up the foreign gene.