Author : Basita Gintingsugihen

Summary : The land settlement or transmigration is one important program in Indonesia. The study sought to determine if there had been changes in land ownership structures, and levels of living of the settlers in the resettlement projects. Specifically, attempted to find out about the following: (1) the present landownership stuctures; (2) the levels of living of the settlers during the projects implementation and after the termination of the project; (3) the realationship between the size of landholding and the levels of living of the settlers; and, (4) identified some factors related to changes of landownership. The selected location of the study was Way Abung transmigration area, at Lampung Province, Indonesia, specifically a settlement village called Dayamurno. A total of 82 respondents of the original settlers constituted the sample of the study. The 82 respondents were composed of 43 group government sponsored migrants and 39 group spontaneous migrants taken by proportionate stratified random sampling. Data collection was conducted in May, 1989. Frequency count, percentage, mean, standard deviation, chi-square, t-test were the statistical tools used in the study. To the describe landownership structure particularly for analysis of land distribution, the Lorenz Curve and Gini Coefficient Ratio were used in the analysis. The results of the study had shown that landownership size was change from mean of 1.869 hectares, when the project terminated in the year 1982 to 1.581 hectares after more than 5 years when the project terminated in 1988. The results of t-test revealed significant differences. Distribution of land tended to become unequal in more than 5 years, after the project terminated. It was shown by Gini Coefficient 0.0877 in 1982 and 0.3051 in 1988. Indices showed that levels of living changed for the better in 1988 compared to those in 1982. There is relationship between landownership and levels of living based on chi-square test (X2 = 5.03). Land tenure status of respondents before being settled.