Author : Vina Eka Aristya

Summary : Sesame is an economical oil crop. The experimental material consisted of 18
lines M4 generation and 39 lines Ms generation of sesame mutant lines. There were
two experiments carried out to obtain information on genetic variability and
genotypic correlation of some agronomical characteristics of M4 and Ms generations
of sesame mutant lines after selection based on plant height and number of
capsules per plant. The first experiment was performed to study and selected M4
generation begins at the vegetative stage, based on. plant height and number of
capsules per plant. The second experiment was done to cultivated Ms generation
which is the result of individual selection in M4 generation derived from every
sesame mutant lines. One of breeding steps is a selection based on the
consideration of the genetic variability and genotypic correlation of some
agronomical characteristics. The genetic variability can influence the success of a
selection process in the breeding program.

Qualitative traits are expressed into different categories, it kinds of
characteristics can be very useful for the identification of plants. M4 and Ms
generations of sesame characterization and evaluation studies indicate wide
diversity in qualitative traits (root system, leaf arrangement, basal leaf margin, lobe
incision of basal leaf, bicarpellate capsule shape, seed characteristics, seed coat
color). In general, the qualitative characteristic of M4 generation will be followed by a
descent in Ms generation of sesame mutant lines.

Selection based on plant height and number of capsules per plant can
significantly decrease the genetic variability of seed yield and yield components in
M4 and Ms generations of sesame mutant lines. The genotypic and phenotypic
correlation coefficients significantly increase in plant height, number of primary
branches, number of secondary branches, number of nodes/plant, number of
capsules/plant, and 1000-seed weight after selection.