The toxicity of carbofuran to the brown planthopper and the metabolism of carbofuran in the rice plant were evaluated under sunlight and laboratory conditions at different temperatures and light intensities. The carbofuran -treated plants were significantly more toxic when kept in the laboratory than when exposed under sunlight. The toxicity of carbofuran decreased with the increase of both temperature and light intensity, although at higher temperature the toxicity decreased faster as compared with the higher-light intensity.
