Available

  Title: Diversity of trees along altitudinal gradient: Layawan River going up to north peak in Mt. Malindang Natural Park, Barangay Lake Duminagat ...

Subject:

biodiversity species composition trees biodiversity conservation relative density relative frequency relative dominance species importance value Philippines

Tags (theses)


Author/s: Perez, Harold C.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 


PR-B

2004

B - Envi 1

SEARCA Library

TD

Mindanao State University,

March 2004

Marawi City, Philippines :

The study was conducted to provide baseline information on the composition, structure, and function of forest tree community from the bank of Layawan River up to the summit of North Peak in Mt. MAlindang NAtural Park. Eleven (11) 20 x 20 square plots were laid from 1,100 meters up to 2,100 above sea level, having an interval of 100 meters. The inventory revealed thirty-one (31) families, forty-eight (48) genera, and sixty-seven (67) species of trees. Species with highest importance values are Eleaocarpus calomala Merr. (Kalomala). Lithocarpus celebicus Rehd. (Celebes oak), Engelhardia apoensis Elm. (Apo Lupisan), Garcinia sp., Phyllocladus hypophyllus Hook (Dalung). Twenty-two (22) or 34.33 percent of the 67 species encountered have published accounts on their conservation/ecological statuses. There are four (4) species endemic to Mindanao, three (3) species endemic to the country, three (3) species endemic to Luzon, three (3) species considered as depleted, one (1) rare species in the country, one (1) endangered species, four (4) common species in the country and Malesia, and three (3) are said to be indeterminate. Consequently, the study area harbors a number of ecologically Mean height of species, diversity and equitability index per plot were determined to express the structure of the forest tree community. The mean height of species per plot generally increases as altitude increase. On the other hand, diversity and equitability index values per plot generally decreases at increasing altitude. Hence, this exemplified the observation of ecologists that species in high altitudes become fewer (less diverse) as a response to environmental stress such as the altitude, steep slopes, etc. (Odum, 1971). However, the observation of Beals (1969) on the decrease in height of species as altitude increases was contrary to the findings observed in this study. Resource uses of different species were also listed through asking key informants.

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